Extended Essay 专题论文: Citations and Referencing

• All text should be double-spaced

• Use one-inch margins on all sides

• Indent the first line of every paragraph 0.5 inches

• Make sure that the RQ and title are centered on the page with subject for which the essay is registered and word count
  IMPORTANT!!! NO candidate, supervisor, or school name on the title page or on any page headers

• Use 12-point font throughout

• All pages should be numbered in the upper right hand corner

• The manual recommends using one space after most punctuation marks

Explore the websites listed below to discover detailed examples of formatting.
https://www.easybib.com/guides/citation-guides/apa-format/ 
https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/format/

APA Style uses the author–date citation system, in which a brief in-text citation directs readers to a full reference list entry. The in-text citation appears within the body of the paper (or in a table, figure, footnote, or appendix) and briefly identifies the cited work by its author and date of publication. This enables readers to locate the corresponding entry in the alphabetical reference list at the end of the paper. 

Each work cited must appear in the reference list, and each work in the reference list must be cited in the text (or in a table, figure, footnote, or appendix). 

Both paraphrases and quotations require citations. 

The following are guidelines to follow when writing in-text citations: 

• Ensure that the spelling of author names and the publication dates in reference list entries match those in the corresponding in-text citations. 

• Cite only works that you have read and ideas that you have incorporated into your writing. The works you cite may provide key background information, support or dispute your thesis, or offer critical definitions and data. 

• Readers may find a long string of citations difficult to understand, especially if they are using assistive technology such as a screen reader; therefore, include only those citations needed to support your immediate point. 

• Cite primary sources when possible, and cite secondary sources sparingly. 

• Cite sources to document all facts and figures that you mention that are not common knowledge. 

• To cite a specific part of a source, provide an author–date citation for the work plus information about the specific part. 

• Even when sources cannot be retrieved (e.g., because they are personal communications), still credit them in the text (however, avoid using online sources that are no longer recoverable). 

source from :https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/citations/basic-principles 

Click for specific guidance for in-text citation 

A reference list entry generally has four elements: the author, date, title, and source. Each element answers a question: 

• author: Who is responsible for this work? 

• date: When was this work published? 

• title: What is this work called? 

• source: Where can I retrieve this work? 

Answering these four questions will help you create a reference entry for any type of work, even if you do not see a specific example in the Publication Manual that matches it. Consistency in reference formatting allows readers to understand the types of works you consulted and the important reference elements with ease. 

For more examples, see: apa.org